بهینه‌سازی سبد سهام با سنجه‌های مبتنی بر ارزش در معرض ریسک و محدودیت تعداد سهام با استفاده از الگوریتم فراابتکاری دسته‌های میگو (مطالعه موردی: بورس اوراق بهادار تهران)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه میبد، میبد، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی مالی، دانشگاه میبد، میبد، ایران.

3 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی مالی، دانشگاه میبد، میبد، ایران

چکیده

همواره یکی از اساسی‌ترین مسائل در تصمیمات سرمایه‌گذاری و بهینه‌سازی سبد سهام انتخاب یک سنجه مناسب برای بررسی ریسک و کاهش آن بوده است. در این مطالعه، به بررسی عملکرد الگوریتم دسته‌های میگو در بهینه‌سازی مدل‌های میانگین-ارزش در معرض ریسک و میانگین-ارزش در معرض ریسک شرطی با در نظر گرفتن محدودیت تعداد سهام برای 35 شرکت فعال در بورس اوراق بهادار تهران پرداخته شده‌است. برای آموزش الگوریتم از روش پنجره غلتان در دوره‌های 1390 تا 1397 و 1391 تا 1398 استفاده شده­است. همچنین نسبت شارپ و نسبت شارپ شرطی سبد‌های حاصله مقایسه‌شده و معناداری تفاوت مدل‌ها با آزمون ویلکاکسون ارزیابی شده است. یافته‌ها حاکی از آن است که بیشترین مقدار بازده با اختلاف کمی متعلق به مدل با سنجه ارزش در معرض ریسک شرطی می‌باشد. لیکن در هر دو روش، سبدهای متشکل از 5 سهم دارای عملکرد بهتری می‌باشند. با توجه به بررسی‌های صورت‌گرفته در میان خروجی‌‌ها و مقایسات میان رده‌ای، این نتیجه حاصل گردید که بین عملکرد مدل‌های بهینه‌سازی مبتنی بر سنجه‌ی ارزش در معرض ریسک و ارزش در معرض ریسک شرطی تفاوت معناداری وجود ندارد. همچنین محدودیت کاردینالیتی عملکرد مدل را بهبود می‌بخشد و سبد با تعداد سهام کمتر بازدهی بهتری از خود نشان می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Cardinality-constrained Value at Risk based Portfolio Optimization Using Krill Herd Metaheuristic Algorithm (Case study: Tehran Stock Exchange)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Somayeh Mousavi 1
  • Abbasali Jafari Nodoushan 1
  • Mahsa Sangestani 2
  • Maryam Moradi 3
1 Assistant Prof., Department of Industrial Engineering, Meybod University, Meybod, Iran
2 MSc. Student in financial Systems, Meybod University, Meybod, Iran.
3 MSc. Student in financial systems, Meybod University, Meybod, Iran.
چکیده [English]

One of the most fundamental problems in investment decisions and portfolio optimization is choosing a suitable measure for risk assessment and management. In this study, the performance of the krill herd Algorithm is investigated for solving the mean-value at risk and mean-conditional value at risk portfolio optimization models considering the cardinality constraints, among 35 active companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. For algorithm training, the roller window method has been used in 2011-2018 and 2012-2019. The Sharpe ratio and the conditional Sharpe ratio of the models have been evaluated and they are compared using the Wilcoxon test. According to the numerical results, the mean–conditional value at risk model outperforms the mean–value at risk model in terms of the rate of return. Also, the model’s profitability improved using cardinality constraint with 5 stocks. Based on the empirical studies, we concluded that there is no significant difference between the performance of the value at risk and conditional value at risk based models. Furthermore, the portfolios with lower number of stocks have shown the better performance.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cardinality constraints
  • Conditional Value at Risk
  • Krill Herd Algorithm
  • Stock Portfolio optimization
  • Tehran Stock Exchange
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